What was COP 28 meaning? What needs to know more on UNFCC COP 28

What is the COP 28 Meaning?

COP stands for Conference Of the Parties but you must be listening so much about COP 28 – UN Climate Change Conference. Let’s understand the COP 28 – UN Climate Change Conference by it’s theme of 2023. COP 28 stands for the 28th meeting of the Conference of the Parties (COP) to the United Nation Framework on Conventions on Climate change conference (UNFCC). The UNFCC COP 28 serves as a global gathering where nations unite to devise solutions for the climate emergency. Key goals include capping the global temperature increase at 1.5 degrees Celsius, supporting vulnerable communities in adapting to climate impacts, and striving for net-zero emissions by 2050.

“Highlights and Limitations of UNFCC COP 28: A Step Forward with Room for Improvement”

• First-ever acknowledgment of the need to transition away from Fossil Fuels.
• Initial promise to decrease methane emissions.
• Implementation of the loss and damage fund.
• Agreement on global adaptation goals.
• Despite these advancements, the COP still fell short of expectations, lacking in ambitious climate action for the immediate term, similar to past COPs.

UN Climate Change Executive Secretary Simon Stiell’s message at COP28 in Dubai:

• Emphasized addressing climate change by curbing pollution emissions.
• Urged both Developed and Developing countries to take decisive steps.
• Highlighted the need for real financial commitments, unlike previous conferences.
• Stressed the necessity for funding to enable developing nations to adopt renewable energy.
• Asserted that all countries are now on the frontline against climate change.
• Encouraged 160 participating countries to triple their adoption of renewable energy sources.
• Highlighted the benefits: job creation, economic growth, and improved public health.
• Declared a clear message that divisions can be detrimental while renewable energy offers solutions to crisis.

Here is the list of Pesidents of every COP held so far.

“Critical Assessment: COP 28 and the Race to Preserve a 1.5°C Future”

• COP 28 was really important because it might be the final chance to stop temperatures from rising more than 1.5 degrees Celsius.
• The main focus of COP 28 was to see how well the world is doing in fighting climate change. They do this check every five years, starting in 2023.
• In 2023, the Earth was getting hotter than ever before.
• COP 28 was expected to use this check to push for bigger actions to fight climate change, especially before 2030.

  

“COP28’s Call for Change: Fossil Fuels and the Path to Net Zero 2050”

• Fossil fuels were a big deal at COP28. People hadn’t really talked about how they cause global warming in earlier COP meetings, but now everyone knew it was a problem.
• After talking a lot, the final decision asked countries to work on moving away from using fossil fuels. They want to reach “net zero” by 2050, which means not using more fossil fuels than we can balance out.
• The agreement didn’t have specific plans or goals. Some countries felt upset because they wanted to see a clear plan to stop using fossil fuels completely.
• It’s tough to stop using a lot of fossil fuels right away, but it’s something we can’t avoid doing by 2050.
• COP28’s agreement asks countries to help make renewable energy three times more available worldwide and to make energy use twice as efficient every year.
• Coal, like oil and natural gas, got special attention in the agreement. This is because earlier, in the 2021 Glasgow conference, they talked about reducing how much coal we use.
• Some countries wanted a rule that said no new coal power plants could start unless they could capture and store the carbon they make. But countries like India, China, and South Africa really disagreed with this idea. So, it got removed, and they just repeated what they said in Glasgow.
• They didn’t say how they’ll check if we’re using less coal or where they’ll start counting from to measure this decrease.
• One major concern was “Methane” Methane which is a big greenhouse gas, almost a quarter of all emissions. It’s super strong, about 80 times more powerful than CO2 at making the Earth hotter.
• Spread of Methane gas needs to be lower down but some developing countries are not in favour to curb down Methane as the source of methane comes from farming and animals. In this agreement no target was set for emission cut by 2030.
• Last year, the developing and poorer countries decided to create a fund to help with Loss and Damage in Sharm el-Shaikh but in COP28 made this fund a reality right at the start of the conference. Some countries, like the UAE hosting the conference, promised for US$ 800 million in total. This money is meant to support countries dealing with disasters caused by the changing climate.
• COP 28 became a big deal for developing countries for what they have been waiting to take a step. Some common goals have been adapted which states “Making sure there’s enough water despite climate changes, Making farming more resilient to climate changes, and being better prepared for health issues caused by climate changes”

Although, COP28 adopted a better framework which needs to be implemented if financial positions are improvised by developed, developing and poor countries take steps in coming years.

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